Arborist Under the Infuence

"Leaders don't create followers, they create more leaders. "

Tom Peters
 



I was a child of the eighties. I was into BMX bikes, wore a blue jean jacket, cheered for the Edmonton Oilers and liked to bang my head. Wayne Gretzky and friends were at their peak but the heroes I looked up to were the long haired  heavy metal musicians.

Circus magazine and Hit Parader were where it was at. They had all the latest interviews and stories on all the wickedest bands.

The articles were always similar. They would address the question "Who were your influences?"

The influencers were the great groups of the previous generation. Usually mentioned were artists like Led Zeppelin, The Beatles, Cream, The Rolling Stones. As time went on it became Aerosmith, Kiss, Alice Cooper. Then more time passed and names such as ACDC, Van Halen, Motley Crue and Metallica came to the fore.

Unfortunately despite my intentions I never became the next generation heavy metal guitarist. Not even close.

Life had a different idea for me.

Life decided that I would become an arborist.

My career as an arborist has been fulfilling right from the start. I have come across outstanding leaders that have inspired me along the way.

The people that influenced my career were no rock stars but leaders of arboriculture have enormous impacts on the planet nonetheless.

The Arborists that influenced me  

Judy Fakes

Judy Fakes was the head teacher at Ryde College of Horticulture in Australia where I was a student. She has been at the forefront of promoting, encouraging and teaching arboriculture in Australia for many years.

Judy Fakes teachings left a big impression on me. Her list of arboriculture qualifications is long but in was her enthusiasm for passing the knowledge along that made such an impact.

 It seemed that Judy's mission was to shine light on all the things that were going wrong in the urban forest.  I recall the lessons she taught:

• poor planting stock
• impacts of development
• conflicts with infrastructure
• poor urban soils
• unnecessary bad practises that are far too common

The positive impacts of an excellent teacher such as Judy Fakes are staggering.

 

Lars Shearer

Lars Shearer is the owner of Burley Boys Tree service in West Vancouver, British Columbia.

He has been in the tree business for a long time. The company started as a guy with a truck and a saw and has now become a thriving and professional outfit. Lars has experienced the change in arboriculture from the days when 'anything goes' to ISA certification and high standards of workmanship.

The Pacific Northwest grows some rather large trees and Burley Boys excel in that environment.

Working with Burley Boys gave me the opportunity learn my chops in the big trees. . I learned under some extremely skilled production climbers and managed to get my own skill as a climber to a reasonably proficient level.

It was great to work with an employer than realizes that a company's success depends on the personal accomplishments of it's employees. Lars has created an environment that allows a motivated person to thrive.

Steve Whitton

Steve Whitton is the manager of the Trees and Landscape Section, part of the Planning and Development Department with the City of Surrey.

Surrey has the most well developed tree protection bylaw for private property trees in Canada. And yes, I have looked at them all.

I was a tree cop; Steve Whitton  was the chief of the tree police.

It's not an exaggeration to say that the work they are doing in the City of Surrey is revolutionary. Their policies are aimed at preventing unnecessary damage to trees. It's more than just talk, they follow through on their promises. Under Steve's guidance they deal with the hard questions that need to be asked and answered in a rapidly changing urban landscape.

Arboriculture in this realm is  a blend of the societal, political and environmental. It's about dealing with the big picture while seeing that the correct decisions are made in the residents backyards.

More than anything Steve taught me that arboriculture is as about dealing with people as much as it is about dealing with trees.

In the process of standing up for their city's tree Steve and his team are standing up for the certified arborist. The work they are doing is pushing arboriculture forward more than ever.

Onto the next challenge

So off I go with the lessons of these arboricultural influencers to carry to the next step up the stairway. Thanks for reading. If you need me I'll either be out dealing with a tree or off playing my guitar. Don't let those dreams die.

An Hour With the Tree Police

 

Sitting in the cubicle on a mid October morning. The Tree Complaint hotline rings. On the other end is a Bylaw Enforcement Officer.

"We've got an incident here, you'd better come down and have a look."

"I'll be right out."

The tree cop collects his things, heads out to the car and makes his way into town to check out the scene.

The Bylaw Enforcement Officer is waiting when he arrives. They knock on the door. An occupant answers. It's the wife. She says her husband did some pruning; "nothing major".

"I'll be the judge of that." 

The BLEO asks if they can go around back and have a look. The lady says it's ok.

Now around the back they see it. The tree cop knows immediately.

"We've got a violation, we'll be taking further action, get your ticket book."

The Victim

• Western Red Cedar measuring 37 cm diameter at breast height.

The Scene of the Crime

• Backyard, southwest corner of property.
  
  

The Complainant

• The neighbours in the house behind.
  
  

The Damage

• The tree has been topped.
• All branches removed except for six.
  
  

The Penalty

• $500 fine.

Who Are The Tree Police?

• The municipal arborists with the Planning and Development Department with the City of Surrey, British Columbia. They implement the city's Tree Protection Bylaw for Private Property.

The City of Surrey

• A city with a population of half a million people. For years Surrey has been the ugly sister of Vancouver. Long considered a suburban wasteland. Things have changed. Surrey has been growing by one thousand people per month for the past thirty years.

Rules for Trees on Private Property

• Facing an aggressive development boom Surrey has adopted a strong set of rules for protection of private property trees.

 

Here is How The Rules Work

It starts by answering this question.


What is a Tree?

More specifically what is a tree that is protected by the rules?

 

The answer (it will be different in every place):

• in this city it's any tree that is at least 30cm diameter at breast height (1 foot across)

Once the unit of a tree is established the rules determine what a person can or can't do to it.

This means measures such as:

• Tree Cutting Permits for Private Property
• Replacement trees
• Rules for land development and construction
• Penalties for doing trees wrong

 

Learn more about the details for a better way forward in urban forestry.



Details for a new way forward in the urban forest

Neighbour Tops Tree

            A six letter word that starts with D, ends with R O Y.  The clue is; never to be the same again.

 

           With two thirds of the crossword puzzle completed she voiced the word pleased with herself. “D E S T R O Y”.

 

            A cake was in the oven. It was her husbands birthday cake, his seventy ninth. Their grown children and grandchildren were due to arrive shortly.

            A rainbow pattern of light shone through the hanging crystal onto the kitchen backsplash. “That’s strange” she thought. Strange to see that light at this hour. Something was different.

            She glanced out the kitchen window into the backyard.

            A man was suspended in the tree. A rope and harness supporting him. He wore a yellow hard hat, thick suspenders, and a fluorescent shirt. In his hand was a small chainsaw; its engine running.

            She tossed the crossword puzzle to the floor and ran outside. Adrenaline spiked as the grey lady marched out the sliding glass doors onto the sundeck.

“What is going on?“ she hollered.

The man did not respond.

A fit of rage overtook the grandmother as she absorbed the reality of what was happening. Her tree was being destroyed.

Vile words began to spew from her mouth towards the dirty climbing man.

           “What are you doing?”

           “I’m doing what I’m told.” the man responded as if irritated. He pointed at the neighbouring home to the rear. “They want more light.”.

           “You’ve topped my tree.”. She stood there vibrating.

          The top twenty five feet of the twenty five year old Christmas tree lie horizontally on the ground.

 

---

 

There are two types of problems we face in the world of arboriculture.

Tree problems and People problems

Most arborists are pretty good with the tree problems. It’s the people problems where they need help.

Arborists stumble upon emotional tornadoes like they stumble upon hornets nests.

There is something about tree anger. It can certainly get a reaction out of people.

• A docile seventy six year old woman turns into a raging maniac.
• A righteous thirteen year old child turns to political activism.
• Responsible parents turn into weapon wielding barbarians ready to fight to the death.
• The piano teacher next door is losing her shit at the  site of a truck and chipper parked on her street.

Arborists should become experts at dealing with this type anger.

It’s one reason why we need better rules.

Is your community doing enough to protect trees?

             More and more places are.

Protecting Trees During Construction

Protecting Trees, The New Reality

Back in the old days folks didn’t worry about the urban forest. Trees were more of an impediment to progress than anything else. Their value was measured in the price of a board foot of lumber. Nobody cared about the benefits of urban trees.

The old days are gone. Now, people realize that trees matter a whole lot. As the worn out homes of the1970’s get demolished and replaced, it is clear that trees can last longer than cheap houses do. Builders and developers take notice.

Trees are Important

    Urban trees are more important than most people realize. They play a role in just about every major environmental issue that cities face. These issues include challenges such as air and water quality, soil erosion, land degradation and wildlife habitat. Add to that list the stark reality of climate change, their importance increases. Trees contribute to “sense of place”, they connect us with nature and they motivate us to get off the couch, to go outside and to play with our friends.

    All urban trees give at least some benefits. Mature trees provide the most. In every city across the country urban forests are declining.  There are a number of reasons for this but one of the most glaring is the rapid pace of development. This is an issue that needs to be brought to light.

property supply pressures and value increases lead to homes being built closer together

The Consulting Arborist

    Enter the consulting arborist. These guys and girls are not the same folks you hire to trim branches and run them through that noisy wood chipper. These arborists are professionals. They are experienced urban forestry experts that understand the needs of trees, builders and developers. Their role is to determine the most tree friendly plan, then to make sure that the plan is carried out.  The consulting arborists job is ensure that the development satisfies the local government tree protection rules. They also have to balance their clients desires and make sure things are workable on the ground.

Tree Protection In Action

Step 1: Planning

    At the design stage the arborist will inventory and assess all trees that could be affected. They will identify which trees can be saved and which cannot. They will work with the designer to come up with plans that best protect the trees.

Step 2: Implementation

    To protect a tree on a work site is really about protecting roots. Each tree has an area of root mass that must remain untouched. This is called the ‘Critical Root Zone’ or the “Tree Protection Zone”. The larger the tree the larger the no go zone.  

neighbours trees must also be protected

Step 3: Special Considerations

    During construction there may be times when the “Tree Protection Zone” needs to be worked on. This is the domain of the arborist. Details such as water lines, sewerage, gas and electrical need to be installed without causing root damage. Also driveways, retaining walls and landscaping require special planning, techniques and materials. Arborists work to find solutions to problems that in the past would have required tree removals.    

Challenges to Tree Protection

    The job is not easy. Many in the trades are used to the old ways. It is easier to build on a lot without trees. It takes commitment from all parties to make it happen. This includes the municipalities. They hold the most say over land development regulations.

    Economic and demographic trends are a major consideration. As cities become more populated,  land becomes more valuable. Houses  get torn down and replaced with larger houses. Properties get subdivided into smaller lot sizes that leave less space for trees. The importance of tree protection increases as development increases. The job gets harder.

    Neighbourhood politics and environmental realities often collide. Property owners have the right to develop their land within the rules. Emotions are stirred when history is lost. The old widow in the tiny bungalow passes on. Her house along with her well kept garden are razed for the installation of a mega home complete with tennis court and 4 car garage. Keeping pieces of the past becomes very important to the area residents. Mature trees, when healthy, remind us of the way things used to be. .

   

old neighbourhoods are transformed with new larger homes

Trees and Sustainable Development

    Builders and developers take notice. Trees are more important than most people realize. Hire a consulting arborist, get them involved in the planning process. Implement a tree protection plan. Develop your land sustainably, earn your profits and be a good neighbour. Most of all respect the trees. Municipalities are in the drivers seat, the rest of us will hold them to it.

Terry Thrale is an International Society of Arboriculture certified Arborist. He is employed as an Urban Forester in the Planning and Development Department with The City of Surrey, British Columbia. He is also author of TreeReality.blogspot.ca .

   

The Secret to Getting a Tree Cutting Permit

I'm standing there in the front yard looking up at this thing.
 
It's two feet wide at the stump and about seventy feet tall. A Douglas Fir.
The guy starts telling me all the stuff he doesn't like about it.

moss on the roof

debris filled gutters

roots through the lawn

cracks in the cement

water line runs this way

gas line runs that way

sewerage goes there 

daughters bedroom at the corner. She can't sleep at night cause she thinks it going to fall and crush her.

"Will you get rid of it for me?" 

I stopped to think about it.

 

Have you ever been upset to see a tree get cut that you felt should not have been cut?

 
I've worked with trees for a long time. My father was a logger and I followed in his footsteps. Since then I've done a lot of stuff with trees. 

• fell
• planted
•  climbed
• built
• pruned

The things I have enjoyed the most about at this work is not the trees. It's the conquering of problems. Applying skill and creativity. It has been a career of working on some intense challenges. The things I love the most about working with trees are the tools that make it possible.
 
After a while I started noticing some problems out there in the realm of arboriculture. I put those problems into 3 categories.

1. World is Falling Apart Problems

• Climate change
• Pine beetle
• Emerald ash borer

2. Industry Self Imposed Problems

• Unqualified, untrained contractors performing poor quality work at rock bottom prices.

3. General Public Lack of Understanding Problems

• A lot of people just don't understand trees.

 You're probably wondering.

What does all this have to do with the secret to getting a tree cutting permit?

Here's the thing.
There aren't many municipalities out there that even require a permit for cutting a private tree.
 
That's the real problem.
 
The secret I want to know is this.

 

How do we get municipalities to do right by trees?

List of Bad Stuff That Happens to Urban Trees

Trees in urban environments face many challenges. Here's a list that show some.

 

Conflict with Power Lines

This is a common site in most urban areas. Unfortunately for trees maintaining uninterrupted and safe electricity takes precendence over ANSI 300 pruning standards.

 

Stubbing of Branches

There are a lot of ways that untrained pruners damage trees. This is far too regular occurrence.

 

Raising the Grade

Perhaps less obvious to some is the fact that adding soil over the trunk and root area kills the tree. Though it may take a while to die.

 

 

 

Compaction during Construction 

Even small machines cause future problems when working too close.

 

Lawn vs Young Tree

Tree loses

 

Concrete vs Young Tree

 Tree loses

 

 

Misguided Pruning Saw vs Young Tree 

 Tree loses

Climate Change and the Future of Urban Trees

Trees provide something unique to the conversation on climate change. They are one of the only things going that provide benefit in both an adaptive and a mitigation role.

I'm an arborist. In my job I study, photograph and make decisions about the future of trees everyday. In this piece I'll share some of what I see as it relates to the discussion on climate change. I will show things that often go wrong, and show that we just are not yet doing a good enough job of growing trees.

Climate Change is Already Affecting Urban Trees

 

Here in the Pacific Northwest region our native conifers are dying rapidly. The deaths can be attributed to a number of contributing factors. Each of those factors seem to be made worse by climate change.

• Western Red Cedars are dying from top down.
• Douglas Fir become dry and susceptible to pest infestations causing death.
• Western Hemlock get overcome by fungal imbalances resulting in branch dieback, weakened stems, and rotting roots.  

Other much valued species are struggling also. Our ornamental Cherry trees experience a multitude of pest and disease issues such as blights, cankers, galls and infestations of leaf chewing insects. Add to this is the problem of some shockingly bad pruning of many of these.

Boulevards of pretty pink blossoming trees in the Spring could become a memory of the past.

 

What will the future look like if we don't start doing a better job of growing, maintaining and preserving trees?

 

 

 

Responses to date have been meek. Governments are not addressing the issues.  Industry is far too disorganized and has shown to be unable to make positive change. The public have yet to realize that there are problems here that should be addressed. Each entity contributes a response of no action, little action or action that contradicts what is being done in other jurisdictions.

 

Optimism

 

Despite all that is wrong in the world of urban trees I do find reason for optimism. The reason I say this is because trees are so simple to do right.

 

All you need is right tree, right place, add water and wait....

 



 



 

 

The 10 Rules of Trees

A healthy urban forest is possible.

 It should be simple yet it is so uncommon.

Look beyond the reason why. Assume that what they tell us is true. Trees are more important than most people realize. 
 
Yet there is a disconnect.

Urban forests are a mess.
 
How do you make people do right by trees?

• How do we stop people from cutting down trees that don't need to be cut.?
• How do you prevent someone from topping a tree?
• How do you prevent a neighbour from destroying a tree with bad pruning?
• How do we get enough new trees in the ground?
• How do we make sure that new trees are being properly planted?
• How do we make sure they get cared for until established?

It can be simple.

No need for a massive education campaign. 

The industry already has the knowledge and equipment for the job.

We just need to have the rules in place and enforced.

The 10 Rules of Trees

 

#1   No tree should be cut unless it needs to be cut. 

 

#2   For every tree cut down a new tree must be planted.

 

#3   Pruning is to be done properly or else not done at all.

 

#4   Plant them where they can become what they are meant to be.

 

#5   Respect the roots.

 

#6   Protect during construction.  

 

#7   Speak to your neighbour before you act.

 

#8   When maintenance is required do it.

 

#9   Encourage children to climb.

 

#10  Life is hazardous. Trees fit into this category.

If you have questions about any of these rules ask an arborist.